HackerEarth Minimum distance in Tree problem solution

In this HackerEarth Minimum distance in Tree problem solution You are given a tree and q queries. Each query consists of ki vertices: v(i,1), …, v(i,k).

Let fi(u) be the minimum between distances from u to each v(i,j), for 1 <= j <= kj. For each query you have to find value of max(u belongs to V) fi(u).

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <cmath>
#include <ctime>
#include <functional>
#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
#include <valarray>
#include <complex>
#include <queue>
#include <cassert>
#include <bitset>
using namespace std;

#ifdef LOCAL
#define debug_flag 1
#else
#define debug_flag 0
#endif

  template <class T1, class T2 >
std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, const pair<T1, T2> &p) 
{
  os << "[" << p.first << ", " << p.second << "]";
  return os;
}

  template <class T >
std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, const std::vector<T>& v) 
{
  os << "[";
  bool first = true;
  for (typename std::vector<T>::const_iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); ++it)
  {
    if (!first)
      os << ", ";
    first = false;
    os << *it;
  }
  os << "]";
  return os;
}

  template <class T >
std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, const std::set<T>& v) 
{
  os << "[";
  bool first = true;
  for (typename std::set<T>::const_iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); ++it)
  {
    if (!first)
      os << ", ";
    first = false;
    os << *it;
  }
  os << "]";
  return os;
}

  template <class T >
std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, const std::multiset<T>& v) 
{
  os << "[";
  bool first = true;
  for (typename std::multiset<T>::const_iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); ++it)
  {
    if (!first)
      os << ", ";
    first = false;
    os << *it;
  }
  os << "]";
  return os;
}

#define dbg(args...) { if (debug_flag) { _print(_split(#args, ',').begin(), args); cerr << endl; } else { void(0);} }

vector<string> _split(const string& s, char c) {
  vector<string> v;
  stringstream ss(s);
  string x;
  while (getline(ss, x, c))
    v.emplace_back(x);
  return v;
}

void _print(vector<string>::iterator) {}
template<typename T, typename... Args>
void _print(vector<string>::iterator it, T a, Args... args) {
  string name = it -> substr((*it)[0] == ' ', it -> length());
  if (isalpha(name[0]))
    cerr << name  << " = " << a << " ";
  else
    cerr << name << " ";
  _print(++it, args...);
}

typedef long long int int64;

const int N = (int)3e5;
const int LOGN = 20;
const int INF = (int)1e9;

int n;
vector<int> graph[N];

int par[N][LOGN];

int timer;
int t_in[N], t_out[N];
int h[N];

int depth[N];
multiset<int> depth_set[N];

int dist_to_nearest[N];

int up_dp[N][LOGN];
int down_dp[N][LOGN];

void init_par(int v, int p)
{
  if (p != -1)
    graph[v].erase(find(graph[v].begin(), graph[v].end(), p));

  par[v][0] = p;
  for (int i = 1; i < LOGN; i++)
  {
    if (par[v][i - 1] == -1)
      break;
    par[v][i] = par[par[v][i - 1]][i - 1];
  }

  for (int to : graph[v])
  {
    assert(to != p);
    init_par(to, v);
  }
}

void init_tree0(int v, int cur_h)
{
  t_in[v] = timer++;
  h[v] = cur_h;

  for (int to : graph[v])
    init_tree0(to, cur_h + 1);

  t_out[v] = timer++;
}

bool is_par(int a, int b)
{
  return t_in[a] <= t_in[b] && t_out[b] <= t_out[a];
}

int get_lca(int a, int b)
{
  if (is_par(a, b))
    return a;
  if (is_par(b, a))
    return b;

  for (int i = LOGN - 1; i >= 0; i--)
  {
    int new_a = par[a][i];
    if (new_a != -1 && !is_par(new_a, b))
      a = new_a;
  }

  return par[a][0];
}

int get_dist(int a, int b)
{
  int l = get_lca(a, b);
  return h[a] + h[b] - 2 * h[l];
}

void init_depth(int v)
{
  depth[v] = 0;
  for (int to : graph[v])
  {
    init_depth(to);
    depth_set[v].insert(depth[to] + 1);
    depth[v] = max(depth[v], depth[to] + 1);
  }
}

void init_up_dp(int v)
{
  int p = par[v][0];

  if (p != -1)
  {
    depth_set[p].erase(find(depth_set[p].begin(), depth_set[p].end(), depth[v] + 1));

    if (depth_set[p].empty())
      up_dp[v][0] = 0;
    else
      up_dp[v][0] = *depth_set[p].rbegin();

    depth_set[p].insert(depth[v] + 1);
  }

  for (int i = 1; i < LOGN; i++)
  {
    if (par[v][i] == -1)
      break;

    int pp = par[v][i - 1];
    int val1 = up_dp[v][i - 1] + (1 << (i - 1));
    int val2 = up_dp[pp][i - 1];
    up_dp[v][i] = max(val1, val2);
  }

  for (int to : graph[v])
    init_up_dp(to);
}

void init_down_dp(int v)
{
  int p = par[v][0];

  if (p != -1)
  {
    depth_set[p].erase(find(depth_set[p].begin(), depth_set[p].end(), depth[v] + 1));

    if (depth_set[p].empty())
      down_dp[v][0] = 1;
    else
      down_dp[v][0] = *depth_set[p].rbegin() + 1;

    depth_set[p].insert(depth[v] + 1);
  }

  for (int i = 1; i < LOGN; i++)
  {
    if (par[v][i] == -1)
      break;

    int pp = par[v][i - 1];
    int val1 = down_dp[v][i - 1];
    int val2 = down_dp[pp][i - 1] + (1 << (i - 1));
    down_dp[v][i] = max(val1, val2);
  }

  for (int to : graph[v])
    init_down_dp(to);
}

void init_tree()
{
  //init par[][] and erase edge to parent
  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
    for (int j = 0; j < LOGN; j++)
      par[i][j] = -1;
  init_par(0, -1);

  //init h t_in t_out
  init_tree0(0, 0);

  //init depth and depth_set
  init_depth(0);

  //init up_dp and down_up
  init_up_dp(0);
  init_down_dp(0);
}

int get_down_max(int a, int b)
{
  int old_a = a;
  int ans = 0;

  for (int i = LOGN - 1; i >= 0; i--)
  {
    int new_a = par[a][i];
    if (new_a == -1 || !is_par(b, new_a))
      continue;
    ans = max(ans, down_dp[a][i] + get_dist(a, old_a));
    a = new_a;
  }

  return ans;
}

int get_up_max(int a, int b)
{
  //dbg(a, b);
  int ans = 0;

  for (int i = LOGN - 1; i >= 0; i--)
  {
    int new_a = par[a][i];
    if (new_a == -1 || !is_par(b, new_a))
      continue;
    ans = max(ans, up_dp[a][i] + get_dist(new_a, b));
    a = new_a;
  }

  return ans;
}

int go_up(int v, int delta)
{
  assert(delta >= 0);
  assert(delta <= h[v]);

  for (int i = LOGN - 1; i >= 0; i--)
  {
    if (delta >= (1 << i))
    {
      v = par[v][i];
      delta -= (1 << i);
    }
  }
  return v;
}

int IT;

void solve()
{
  int k;
  scanf("%d", &k);

  set<int> v_set;
  vector<int> v_list(k);
  for (int i = 0; i < k; i++)
  {
    int v;
    scanf("%d", &v);
    v--;
    v_list[i] = v;
    v_set.insert(v);
  }

  while (true)
  {
    set<int> new_v_set;
    for (int v1 : v_set)
      for (int v2 : v_set)
        new_v_set.insert(get_lca(v1, v2));
    if (new_v_set == v_set)
      break;
    v_set = new_v_set;
  }

  //dbg(k, v_list, v_set);

  for (int v : v_set)
  {
    dist_to_nearest[v] = INF;
    for (int u : v_list)
      dist_to_nearest[v] = min(dist_to_nearest[v], get_dist(v, u));

    //dbg(v, dist_to_nearest[v]);
  }

  vector<pair<int, int> > ab_pairs;

  for (int a : v_set)
  {
    for (int b : v_set)
    {
      if (a == b || !is_par(b, a))
        continue;

      bool has_node_on_path = false;
      for (int v : v_set)
        if (v != a && v != b && is_par(b, v) && is_par(v, a))
          has_node_on_path = true;

      if (has_node_on_path)
        continue;

      ab_pairs.emplace_back(a, b);
    }
  }

  //dbg(ab_pairs.size());

  int ans = 0;

  //go_up single
  for (int v : v_set)
  {
    bool is_root = true;
    for (int u : v_set)
      if (u != v && is_par(u, v))
        is_root = false;

    if (!is_root)
      continue;

    ans = max(ans, get_down_max(v, 0) + dist_to_nearest[v]);
    ans = max(ans, dist_to_nearest[v] + h[v]);
  }

  //go_down single

  for (auto ab_p : ab_pairs)
  {
    int a = ab_p.first;
    int b = ab_p.second;
    int c = go_up(a, h[a] - h[b] - 1);
    depth_set[b].erase(depth_set[b].find(depth[c] + 1));
  }

  for (int v : v_set)
  {
    if (!depth_set[v].empty())
      ans = max(ans, *depth_set[v].rbegin() + dist_to_nearest[v]);
    else
      ans = max(ans, dist_to_nearest[v]);
  }

  for (auto ab_p : ab_pairs)
  {
    int a = ab_p.first;
    int b = ab_p.second;
    int c = go_up(a, h[a] - h[b] - 1);
    depth_set[b].insert(depth[c] + 1);
  }

  //go path
  for (auto ab_p : ab_pairs)
  {
    int a = ab_p.first;
    int b = ab_p.second;

    int c = a;
    for (int i = LOGN - 1; i >= 0; i--)
    {
      int new_c = par[c][i];

      if (new_c == -1 || is_par(new_c, b))
        continue;

      //O(1)
      int dist1 = dist_to_nearest[a] + get_dist(a, new_c);
      int dist2 = dist_to_nearest[b] + get_dist(b, new_c);

      if (dist1 <= dist2)
        c = new_c;
    }

    //[a, c] and (c, b]
    int val1 = get_down_max(a, c) + dist_to_nearest[a];
    int val2 = 0;

    int b2 = go_up(c, h[c] - h[b] - 1);
    if (c != b2)
      val2 = get_up_max(c, b2) + 1 + dist_to_nearest[b];

    //dbg(a, b, b2, c, val1, val2);

    ans = max(ans, val1);
    ans = max(ans, val2);
  }

  printf("%dn", ans);
}

int main()
{
#ifdef LOCAL
  freopen ("input.txt", "r", stdin);
#endif

  int q;
  scanf("%d%d", &n, &q);

  for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
  {
    int a, b;
    scanf("%d%d", &a, &b);
    a--;
    b--;
    //dbg(a, b);
    graph[a].push_back(b);
    graph[b].push_back(a);
  }

  init_tree();

  for (int it = 0; it < q; it++)
  {
    solve();
  }

  return 0;
}