Environment and Path Setting in Linux – Bash shell is used for various purposes under Linux. How do you customize the shell environment variable under Linux operating systems? You can use shell variables to store data, set configuration options, and customize the shell environment under Linux. The default shell is Bash under Linux and can…
Unix files consist of two parts: the data part and the filename part. The data part is called an ‘inode’. The inode carries the map of, where the data and the file permissions for the data exist. More than one filename can reference the same inode number; these files are said to be hard linked’….
Changing File Access Permissions – The Linux file access permission scheme lets you give other users access to the files you want to share yet keep your private files confidential. You can allow other users to read from and write to a file (handy if you are one of several people working on a joint…
Every File or directory in Linux has access permissions. There are three types of permissions Permissions are defined for three types of users: Thus, Linux access permissions are nine bits of information (3 types x 3 types of users), and each of them may have just one of two values: allowed or denied File Permission…
File System – Linux has a hierarchical filesystem (directories within directories and files, and directories, and device drivers are treated as files). Filesystem supports 256 – character filenames avoid symbols and punctuation except for the dot (.). All command line entries are case-sensitive. Also, note that Linux uses the slash (/) rather than the backslash…
chmod command Changing access permission for files and directories. chmod changes the permissions of the given file according to mode, which can be either a symbolic representation of changes to make or an octal number representing the b pattern for the new permissions. It manages the mode of the file. chmod has two modes: Symbolic…
Info Pages or info Command – While man pages are great sources of information about a command or concept, the fact that it provides one long page means that longer documents are hard to read. The info format was developed as a way to store more comprehensive instructions on your system. If a particular command…
Once, in the early days of UNIX, users had the standard manuals available in print, on their shelves. 9 books were available, each one gigantic and hard to use. Someone eventually had the idea to make it standard to have all of these books on the UNIX system in the form of the man command,…
Changing Password with passwd Command in Linux – If someone else assigned you a password, it is a good idea to give yourself a new one. For security reasons none of the passwords you enter is displayed by any utility. To change your password, type the command passwd at a shell. The first item passwd…
The Console and Logging In – Linux (indeed all Unix – like) systems make heavy use of text consoles. In modern environments, text consoles are usually implemented using Windows in a graphical desktop environment, whereas in the past, consoles were dedicated devices, typically capable of displaying 24 or 25 lines of 80 or 132 characters…
